Leaderships: Gender and Characteristics Essay

Leader from divers(prenominal) sexual practice can form good and bad to organization. However, studies deputes bad and good attractor can be from two potent and young-bearing(prenominal) lead. From the followers thought, there were no significant indicators shows each male or womanly draws is the shell or good leader (Singh P., Nadim A.& axerophthol Ezzedeen S.R, 2012)In recent years, much and to a greater extent wo hands becoming a leader in organization, here in Malaysia itself, Bank Negara Malaysia is led by a wowork force. This topic, lead panache and sexuality had become interesting and most intensely studied in the depicted object of Leadership.The purpose of this articles is to identify leaderships styles by divers(prenominal) gender and what argon the feature film identified as a good or bad leaders for each gender. Some trait whitethorn sh be by both gender and some whitethorn be uniquely to hotshot gender. By identifying these criteria we shou ld be able to further identify which styles significant for each.Literature revueLeadership in organization is defined as a affect of influencing the activities of an organized group in its effort toward ending setting and goal deliver the goods custodyt (Stogdill, 1950). By the definitions, we can firmly confirm that either male or female can be a leader which the longsighted belief that leadership effectiveness equates with masculinity and being male (Eagly & Karau, 2002).Gender differences in organization leaderships style is windlessness full of ambiguity and paradox despite the number of studies done to speak the topic. There atomic number 18 still unanswered questions (Moran, B. B., 1992). Further study in gender differences in leadership style were further studied by Eagly and Johnson (1990). The findings indicates that women were more participative or republican comp ard to men. Men were more directive or autocratic than women.Contingency theory suggest men and w omen use different approaches to leaderships, women focus on friendly and emotional concerns and being supportive of their members whereas men ar more task oriented (Gray, 1992). This two characteristics, referred as democratic and autocratic leadership styles.Traditional leadership models and expectations be still in place, en dueing challenges for women in such roles. An exploration of gender stereotypes about leadership serves as a put upation for positing new leadership definitions and strategies for successful negotiation of leadership roles.In the Malaysia, locomote expectations for both women and men have shifted over time. If women are in professions in which leadership is expected, additional concerns related to this pressure whitethorn be raised. C. West and Zimmer- man (1987) suggested that gender is in item an accomplishment that allows individuals to ascribe meaning to passing(a) functions and describe the way that specific gender roles enable and enhance cer tain functions.Bem (1974) began the discussion on gender in the late 1970s and presented a gender continuum. She suggested that androgyny is the sought-after perspective to highlight the best of a persons male and effeminate sides, rather than the tralatitiously prescribed focus on gender roles for men and women. The androgynous approach is meant to liberate men and women to more freely hold themselves and their masculine and feminine qualities.DiscussionTraditional perspectives and gender roles may be denigrated by some and expected by others. Thus, the female leader is go forth in a quandary. As gender, an issue worthy of regard, has received more attention, genders role in career transitions, career choice, and career success has been studied.Learning how to be a leader may present yet a nonher challenge for female leader. Considered within the framework of feminism, mentoring itself may be counter to ideals of equality by virtue of the imbalance of actor inherent in the r elationship. However, such an assumption is based on the conventional notion of mentoring relationships in which there is a teacher and a student. awake of being perceived as having a separatist attitude, galore(postnominal) women tacitly agree to play the game, whose rules were made by the men who typically held the world power, and sweat to get ahead professionally by following the traditionally male-oriented routes to success. separate women may feel marginalized by this perspective and fear that they testament not be able to get ahead without sacrificing family, relationships, or their in the flesh(predicate) well-being. more men are faced with an even greater challenge to retain the masculine gender role expectation to be career-driven and success-oriented, when in fact they may prefer to spend more time with family, friends, and generally nurturing themselves and their relationships (Staggenborg, 1998). through with(predicate) historical examples and traditional organiz ation leadership, women may receive the message that expect leadership message they must(prenominal) sacrifice in other areas of their life. maybe the definitions and portrayal of leadership are in need of exploration to turn their inherent challenges to different gender. Examining traditional definitions of leadership, leadership styles, and the role of gender in leadership provides a foundation for understanding these challenges and creates a platform for opportunities for reform and support.J. D. West, Osborn, and Bubenzer (2003) suggested collar leadership dimensions stage setting, passel, and action. Context involves exploration of the population or task, vision reflects work to achieve an intended goal, and action moves people and process toward sort and improvement.Leadership requires one to be an advocate for a profession, a cause, or a task (J. D. West et al., 2003). Similarly, Borders and Shoffner (2003) defined leaders as individuals who are change agents, social activists, and catalysts in their disciplines. In the counseling profession, leaders may be in various sits and serve myriad functions. Given these functions, leadership may be a sought-after quality. The degree to which a daily work is construed as fulfilling a leadership role may be a reflection of the professions definition.Leadership Styles It is perhaps the vogue in which one leads that distinguishes style and wisdom of ability. Collaborative, transformational, and context-driven leadership styles are inherently geared toward stereotyped inter in-person leadership styles attributed to women. At odds with the traditional view of how women should behave are the characteristically male leadership styles that are driven by authoritarianism and swift decision making.A soft study of eight female leaders suggested that womens leadership attributes and behaviors are actually an interaction between personal, interpersonal, and professional domains (Black & Magnuson, 2005). Black and Magnuson (2005) highlighted authenticity, compassion, and vision, respectively, with the three domains they identified. It might even be suggested that the traditional hierarchical model of leadership, challenged by feminist efforts to equalize power (Humble et al., 2006), runs counter to the actual lived experience of womens leadership.An individuals leadership style reflects a unique combination of personality traits and professional goals and vision (Black & Magnuson, 2005). It is assumed that leadership style will correlate with success. Yet, the myriad books describing leaders across disciplines do not advocate a specific leadership style (e.g., J. D. West et al., 2003).Leadership Theory The Role of Gender Leadership, by implication, suggests power. Yet, power comes in many forms and, historically, addresses issues of oppression. Dimensions of race, gender, and class have been conduits of oppression. Gender has not been fully explored within the context of oppression a nd may have a place in discussions of power structure and power (Murray, 2006). Stepping into a leadership role can be a means of exerting power over traditionally oppressed groups or, conversely, a means of reacting to ones own history of oppression and thereby exerting ones first experience with power.Multiple cultural identities have challenged the stereotypes of leadership. For example, Bradley (2005) discussed the traditional stereotypes for professional African American women as either Mammy or Sapphire, referencing instead the nurturing and strength they bring to their professional roles. There are penalties for holding professional roles that by nature do not fit with the stereotypes of African American women, including criticism by other.Traditional masculine and feminine traits are stereotyped in terms of leadership potential. Women in leadership positions are often expected to demonstrate typical masculine traits such as decisiveness, authority, and directness. Women are perceived to work from a care and relational orientation, and these traits may be inconsistent with the traditional concept of leadership (Gilligan, 1982). However, concepts of patriarchal power and hegemonic masculinity challenge women to uphold traditional gender role expectations (Coleman, 2003).Participants in a qualitative study of female head teachers in England and Wales found advantageous ways to step outside of the male role (Coleman, 2003). several(prenominal) participants in this study discussed using feminine wiles and having different interactions with men to achieve their professional functions. Whether decisiveness, authority, and directness are indeed reserved for men and masculine behavior is a multilayered question that addresses surface behaviors and, more deeply, effective leadership styles.There are distinct challenges for women who wish to assume leadership positions, either by choice or by nature of their abilities.. The profession must move beyond leadership stereotypes to which female leaders may accommodate and promote the strengths of each individual. Similarly, consistent with the professions multicultural and social undecomposedice emphases, provisions must be made to retrieve individuals personal strengths rather than assume that they must change to effectively lead.Stereotyped gender perspectives are generally unintentional and based largely on personal belief systems and experiences (Staggenborg, 1998). The organization might even benefit from female leaders who, as a way to validate women engaging in corresponding struggles, publicly share the challenges they face in their effort to balance triple roles and responsibilities (Steiner, 2006).Mainstream authors (e.g., Warner, 2005) have suggested that organizational and societal infrastructures must change if women and men are to be equally successful. Providing child care at conferences, offering tractile work schedules, and identifying differential markers for success and accomplishment have been recommended (Levitt & Hermon, 2009). delimit leadership in terms of action and style rather than position and power is a framework that organization may endorse. Even exploration of the professional literature can have an impact on this perspective. Exploring gender differences with respect to social context, not simply a malefemale dichotomy, may provide greater meaning in the explorations of human development and counseling phenomena (Yoder & Kahn, 2003).My experience working with different gender either as a manager or subordinate, show a different aspect, characteristic and behavior of male and female leader. Most Malaysia male leader are more democratic, task oriented and open minded.Female leader on the other hand, adopt and strict follow the rule leaderships. However, no studies show that women are bad or worst leader. This may due to more male leader compare to women leaders. If both gender are equal in leadership role, some significant findi ng will can be shows.Currently, more women report to male manager/leader. The perception on good or bad leader will be totally based on their experience. However, some consideration should be make, to just good or bad leader. Some studies show, if leader either male or female which have characteristic as empowering, knowledgeable, inspiring were consider as good leader.If male or female who have characteristic as autocratic, unaspiring, degrading and manipulative is voted as bad leaders. This can be seen in our daily work. Due to challenge, male and female who able to roll in the hay with pressure in either work or family life sum total with hectic lifestyle today, they will become a good leader. Those who failed to repugn with all the pressure, will somehow effecting their leaderships style.Some studies show that male have strong understand of their good or bad leader compare to women. Even in dyad relationships, male to male, female to female relationship should be good for org anizations, but study show, men prefer male as their leaders.