The Macro and Micro-Marketing of Counterfeit Goods Essay

The Macro and Micro-Marketing of shape Goods - Essay ExampleThe act of branding can be traced back to the early 1800s when cowboys would brand their oxen before driving them across the central plains of the United States (Rozin 2002). In order to identify which cattle belonged to from each one ranch, a unique symbol was permanently burned onto the cow. These symbols, in addition to serving as a means of identification, provided a set of traditions and a social identity for the Cowboys. Today, companies use brands to distinguish themselves from their competition and to buy the farm unique qualities of their products (Aaker and Keller 1990 Low and Fullerton 1994). Once a brand is established, the brand name itself is thought to add grade to the product in the minds of consumers. This added value is referred to as brand equity (Aaker 1991). Companies and designers often employ marketing strategies that profit on their brand equity and place a greater value on the shapes and labels of their products than the material from which they ar made. Such companies provide buyers with what is conventionally called elite brands, defined by Silverstein and Fiske (2003) as those brands that possess higher levels of quality, savvy and aspiration than other brands in the product category. These products are often justifiably priced higher than other brands in order to make their brand seem exclusive and more prestigious. For example, elite designers are able to veer a 10-pound t-shirt into a $200 sought after treasure (Chatpaiboon 2004). Recently, Hermes reported that customers were placed on a two-year waiting list for their most popular Birkin bag, which retails for $6000 (Branch 2004). On eBay, women engaged in dictation wars over a blue Birkin bag for which the winner ultimately paid over $13,000 (Rose 2003).